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China’s Industrial Upgrade an*d Human Capital Improvement
Zhang Juwei and Gao Wenshu
Institute of Population and Labor Economics, Chinese Academy of Social Sciences (IPLE-CASS), Beijing, China
Abstract: Based on statistics, this paper reviews China’s economic growth and industrial
upgrade since the reform and opening up in 1978 and estimates the contribution of
industrial restructuring to economic growth. With the years of schooling as the proxy
variable of human capital, this paper describes changes in China’s labor competence during
the industrial restructuring process. Then, this paper estimates China’s future human capital
demand and shortage based on economic and demographic forecast. Lastly, this paper
proposes recommendations for improving human capital in China with skills development
and education.
Keywords: industrial structure, industrial upgrade, human capital, labor competence,
China, supply-side structural reforms
JEL classification: L16, J24, O15
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